Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Institute of Medicine framework for healthcare quality Assignment

Foundation of Medicine structure for human services quality - Assignment Example ences and needs), opportune (the time it takes to get and offer consideration to patients), effectiveness (utilization of all assets to the most extreme) and impartiality (giving equivalent nature of care to patient of various sexual orientation or status). These parts can be applied to nursing so as to guarantee a high human services quality. The security segment, for example, can be executed by guaranteeing that the medical attendants have the essential information and aptitudes required in the field. Then again, adequacy and proficiency can be guaranteed by arrangement of a severe administrative group; which will direct and guarantee appropriate utilization of the nursing assets. Convenient and quiet centeredness segments of medicinal services quality can be accomplished by diminishing the proportion of patients to attendants in order to guarantee that patients will get the consideration they require. At long last, impartiality can be met by disheartening separation of patients and setting brutal standards to those discovered segregating patients. When the segments are executed and watched carefully, the nursing division can be of high human services quality. In my real work setting, the system parts can be applied to improve the nature of medicinal services administrations advertised. For starter, all the medical attendants without a recognition in nursing ought to be compelled to go further their investigations; this will subsequently improve wellbeing of the medicinal services gave by lessening the quantities of mishaps to patients while experiencing treatment. On medical attendants promoting their examinations, the administrator ought to be profoundly qualified and exacting; this will guarantee adequacy and productivity of the wellbeing center’s assets. Furthermore, the administration can build the quantity of medical attendants in the wellbeing place in order to guarantee opportune quality and the capacity to give care which is receptive to patients’ inclinations and necessities. This will eventually build the medicinal services nature of the wellbeing

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Capital Punishment Essays (660 words) - English Criminal Law

The death penalty In the public eye today there are murders dedicated regular. What's more, regular the individuals who carry out these wrongdoings are seen as blameworthy in a courtroom and condemned to like in jail. Some even get chances for parole. What the courts ought to do is take each killer, give all of them capital punishment, and finish with it. Capital punishment ought to be legitimate in each of the 50 states and helped through at the point when given out as a sentence. Gary Gilmore confronted a terminating crew at the Utah State Prison on January 17, 1977. There have been 55 homicides in that state during 1976. During 1977, in wake of the Gilmore execution, there were 44 murders: a 20 percent decline. As should be obvious, the execution had some impact on the homicide rate in Utah. There are not many demonstrated realities about capital discipline deflecting wrongdoing right now. This is so on the grounds that death penalty isn't sufficiently utilized to really affect individuals. Of all homicide sentences that 38 percent get capital punishment. On the off chance that that 38 percent just 0.1 percent are executed. On the off chance that we utilize capital punishment all the more frequently and all things considered bring through with it will affect the crime percentage in the nation. Individuals will see that at long last we have equity in this nation and if they do this, there is an enormous possibility they will be gotten and they are going to get capital punishment. We likewise need capital punishment in this nation in such a case that we execute the killer that individual gets no opportunity to ever murder or mischief someone else once more. The individual will never get an opportunity for parole and there will never be a danger of this individual ever destroying another family's life. It isn't reasonable for a killer to get life in jail. The killer despite everything can have an actual existence, not quite a bit of one, however they do have one. The person in question can in any case speak with their families. The casualty of the homicide can't. The casualty's family will always be unable to see there adored one once more. Something else with life in jail is that the killer may get an opportunity for parole. In the event that they feel that the killer is restored and prepared to enter society again they simply let that person out of jail. Anyone can appear restored however backpedal on the boulevards and murder someone else if not more. There are not very many detriments of the death penalty. The first and presumably top explanation is that a individual can be unfairly charged and condemned for a homicide. The blameless individual is accused of homicide and condemned to capital punishment in spite of the fact that they didn't perpetrate the wrongdoing they are blamed for. This sadly is the greatest hindrance of capital punishment. Another hindrance must be on the off chance that someone executed someone else in self protection. Let us state there is a man or lady in your home that you don't have the foggiest idea. The person comes up and attempts to snatch and damage you here and there. In the end table, you keep a handgun. You can get to the weapon and shoot the culprit and the individual in question kicks the bucket. Should this individual be accused of homicide? No, this is a demonstration of self preservation where the person in question if the shootings was imperiling the life of the shooter. Capital punishment ought to be built up in each of the 50 states. The crime percentage would go down if all states had the capital punishment since individuals would see killers being executed and in the event that they do this they will be condemned to death moreover. There is no doubt as far as I can tell that wrongdoing would go down. Likewise, there would be no way that the executioner could ever find the opportunity to slaughter once more. With society being how it is today, with kids slaughtering in schools and individuals shooting or cutting others for tranquilize bargains turned sour, the death penalty should be set up and completed. They will see that in the event that they do this they also will get capital punishment and the too are going to endure the results that accompany submitting murder.

The Meaning Of Family To The South Asian (Indian) Male Essay Example for Free

The Meaning Of Family To The South Asian (Indian) Male Essay The family is customarily the center of every single Asian culture. Choices are regularly completed while mulling over the close family, just as the outer family. Yet, with regards to Asian culture, the family â€Å"is not an especially cherishing social unit.†[1] In most Asian social orders, the family is utilized as a methods for shielding property, proceeding with bloodlines and procuring more wealth.[2] Indian culture is one such model wherein this reality exists. Children are allowed special treatment over their sisters, in light of the fact that the previous is relied upon to maintain the privately-owned company and proceed with the family name. Likewise, customs, for example, the endowment framework give moment fortune to a groom’s family. The Indian male, hence, sees the family as a setting wherein he can practice control and acquire material flourishing. This conviction isn't without social fortifications. Companions and family members shout congrats at whatever point an infant kid is destined to Indian guardians. In Indian culture, a child is viewed as insurance[3] †he will acquire his father’s property and will help bolster the family by finding a new line of work. In sharp complexity, girls are viewed as extra expenses[4] †their lone spot is in the home. The predisposition against girls is profoundly instilled in Indian culture that individuals in certain pieces of India utilize the articulation â€Å"The hireling of your family has been born†[5] when welcoming a family with an infant little girl. In the Indian family, the dad is the supplier and the prevailing position figure. He should treat his significant other like a worker and be harsh and unapproachable towards his kids. The spouse, then again, must be steadfast, submissive and compliant to her better half. She should keep an eye on his needs like a loyal and dedicated hireling. Such an unbending and various leveled family structure frequently leaves spouses feeling dismissed and manhandled. To dispose of these feelings, they luxurious all their thoughtfulness regarding their sons.[6] In doing as such, they become the supplier and the predominant position figures in their particular families.[7] The Indian mother gives her infant, particularly on the off chance that it is a kid, consistent sustaining. The infant is continually taken care of, enjoyed and is reacted to at each whine. Growing up, male Indian youngsters are made to accept that they have the right to be the focal point of consideration just on account of their sexual orientation. Their moms absolved them from errands, as the previous sees housework as a girl’s work. After arriving at pre-adulthood, male Indians are urged to demonstrate their manliness by drinking, smoking, betting and engaging in sexual relations with whores. This cultural desire isn't without help from the family †there are situations when fathers and uncles are the ones who carry their children and nephews to the massage parlor for their first sexual experience. In view of its overemphasis on reveling children, the previously mentioned youngster raising method creates entirely flippant guys. Spoiled from earliest stages, most Indian men end up as wastrels, abusing the assets first of their moms and later of their spouses. More regrettable, they wed ladies who were raised to endure the impulse of their spouses. The matrimonial family, thus, is changed into an augmentation of the husband’s close family. The spouse, in the interim, turns into the husband’s trade for his mom †a lady who will take into account his every impulse and will ignore even his most genuine offenses The spouse must choose the option to acknowledge and live with this circumstance †society directs that she moves her dedication to her marital family upon marriage. Not exclusively is she to deal with her significant other; she is additionally to take care of her folks in-law. Indian guardians in-law, particularly relatives, exploit this cultural commitment by guaranteeing that the marriage of their children will give their family material advantages. The settlement framework is one method of accomplishing this objective. In spite of the fact that it was at that point banned in India in 1961, the act of paying and tolerating settlement is as yet standard in the nation. India’s unlawful settlement framework leaves ladies powerless against misuse and even homicide. Consistently, an expected 25,000 women[8] in the nation are disfigured or slaughtered over share debates. Endowment related wrongdoings are frequently sustained by grooms and relatives who are not happy with the settlements that the bride’s family gave them. Survivors of endowment murders are generally executed by being splashed with lamp oil and set burning with a lit match. The group of the husband to be will at that point say that the demise was a â€Å"suicide† or a â€Å"kitchen accident.† Police are intermittently paid off into substantiating the case. Families who can bear the cost of over the top expensive endowments, then again, are frequently left ruined and with amazingly substantial obligations. In pre-pioneer India, upper-position families watched the endowment framework so as to help settle marriage costs and to empower the lady to live all alone should she leave a harsh marriage.[9] But the British brought homogenized and classified laws into the nation, bringing about male control of the nearby economy.[10] Only men were permitted to claim land and work outside the home. All the while, young men increased higher social worth than young ladies. These social, political and monetary conditions prompted the change of the endowment framework from a wedding blessing to a type of payment[11] to a man for wedding a lady. Since Indian ladies were not, at this point equipped for claiming area or working outside the home, guardians needed to get rid of their girls as ahead of schedule as could reasonably be expected. Thus, they attracted potential spouses with costly endowments. The groups of these men, then again, saw the settlement framework as a chance to take care of overwhelming area burdens that the British forced on them.[12] Settlements took on another structure in the twentieth century. During this period, groups of imminent grooms requested exorbitant shares so as to stay aware of the consumerist way of life related with capitalism.[13] To persuade families regarding potential ladies into paying, Indian men, especially those from the privileged societies, profit by their qualification, social ability and caste.[14] The higher the capabilities and the rank, the higher the settlement required. Indian families respect union with a higher position as the quickest method to social advancement.[15]

Friday, August 21, 2020

Academic Achievement Of Children And Young People Education Essay

Scholarly Achievement Of Children And Young People Education Essay For my paper theme, I chose to concentrate on the region of ‘academic accomplishment of kids and youngsters in care’, and attempt to find whenever took care of kids and youngsters are being flopped by the framework. I got inspired by this zone as I have went over a wide range of reports from different organizations and furthermore from the media that instruction of youngsters out in the open consideration is a reason for concern. For me to do my writing survey I will complete research from various scholastic articles which is pertinent to my paper title, I will portray and investigate the information which exists inside these articles which will assist me with recognizing the extension and key issues encompassing my title. Regarding Jackson and Simon 2005, ‘Children who experience childhood in nearby position care, ‘looked-after’ under the Children Act 1989, are multiple times more probable than others to require the assistance of emotional wellness ad ministrations; multiple times bound to have extraordinary necessities requiring evaluation, backing or treatment; multiple times bound to abuse liquor or medications; multiple times bound to end up in jail; multiple times bound to get destitute, and multiple times bound to have kids requiring open care’. These are on the whole gigantic issues which do influence people in the open consideration area. One approach to defeat a large number of these issues is ‘education’, if these people were getting the privilege instructive results and capabilities it would furnish them with a superior nature of grown-up life. ‘Each step up the instructive stepping stool is related with enhancements in wellbeing, both mental and physical; business, salary, lodging, family life, nonattendance of extra issues and lower danger of association with the criminal equity system’, (Jackson and Simon, 2005). Jackson and Mc Parlin 2006, ‘argue that the poor results for peop le who have invested energy in care as youngsters can be unhesitatingly connected to instructive disappointment, and that the consideration and training frameworks must bear a substantial obligation regarding this’. Pre-care encounters can have an enormous influence in discouraging accomplishment, yet in addition the result of specific encounters when youngsters get expelled from their families can cause an immense effect in their lives. ‘Teachers frequently know nothing or next to no of the child’s history and the preparation they get don't prepare them to comprehend the consideration framework or to deal with the conduct of cared for kids, (Comfort, 2004). Pithouse et al 2002, acknowledge that ‘carers earnestly need all the more preparing and backing, including counsel from clinicians, however bring up that the abused term ‘challenging behaviour’ darkens a wide assortment of issues emerging from the children’s past experience of life i n turbulent and careless families and the vulnerabilities and dissatisfactions related with being in care’. Numerous youngsters entering care, do as such beyond 10 a years old, may just spend a brief timeframe in care. ‘Consequently, a child’s pre-care experience is one of the most significant effects on their excursion through care’ Hannon et al 2010. Regardless of what foundation a kid in care has, they should be giving a similar possibility as some other youngster to take advantage of their gifts and potential. For this to be accomplished schools can help by boosting a child’s wellbeing and prosperity, by mounting self-assurance and confidence, as instructive results are effectively affected by a child’s passionate, mental and physical wellbeing.

Wednesday, July 29, 2020

Free Novel Outlines and More on Eadeverell.com

Free Novel Outlines and More on Eadeverell.com Whether youre a seasoned writer or an aspiring author, youll know that the physical act of writing is only one part of the work that goes into creating a novel. The other aspects can be just as time-consuming, and arguably more difficult, than actually sitting down and typing out the story.When it comes to creative writing, I tend to struggle with having a strong plot outline ready to go before I start writing. Invariably, that ends up with me getting stuck in the dreaded middle section and having to edit the finished manuscript extensively. So, imagine how excited I was to discover a treasure trove of writing resources available on Eadeverell.com.Created by creative writer and writing tutor Eva Deverell, the blog has an incredible amount of helpful information. There are articles, worksheets, video workshops, and tips on virtually every single aspect of writing a novel or story.Lets take a look at just some of the exciting resources available:There are numerous resources for writers at eadeverell.com, including a one-page novel plot formula, writing quotes, full-length novel outlines, and more.Free novel outlineOne of the main draws of the blog is the free novel outline that you can claim by signing up to receive emails. Signing up with your email address gets you access to even more writing hints and tips, so its a win-win situation. Make sure you add them to your safe sender list because this newsletter is most certainly not junk!What you receive is a clearly laid-out outline that gives you the skeleton for writing an entire novel. Even the most die-hard pantsers among us could benefit from having this resource. Id encourage every creative writer to get this free resource and give it a try. Even if you think outlining is not for you, I suspect this easy-to-use formula could change your mind.The outline includes character details and motivations, as well as a complete list of scene summaries suitable for an entire 80,000-word novel.Resources for creating a gr eat plotEA Deverells blog contains one of the most amazing and comprehensive free resources Ive found on plotting, The One Page Novel formula. The spreadsheet provided helps you to plot out the story using an incredibly effective story arc. There are also word counts for each stage, and you can easily track your progress.Its created with a 50,000-word novel in mind, but its straightforward enough to adjust this to accommodate a different word count. The spreadsheet is incredibly simple to use, available in Google Docs, and is something I think every creative writer should be using.If you want an even more intensive look at how to plot a novel with ease, theres also The One Page Novel course available for enrollment. The course is self-paced and consists of 17 audio/video lessons, plus access to exclusive pdf content to help you plot and write your novel.Here are some course details from the enrollment page.How to create the core plot for your novel on 1 sheet of paper (and in under 2 hours).How to use the one page layout to generate endless story ideas.How to resurrect, troubleshoot and revise your stagnant or abandoned stories, so you dont waste your hard work.How to add, extract, and interweave subplots into the main plot (so you can add depth to your characters and your story).How to use internal and external motivators to guarantee you finish writing your novel.The most common plot problems and how to fix them as you write (so that you dont get stuck in an infinite rewrite loop).How to fix broken plots methodically.How to fix broken characters without breaking your plot.The #1 simple trick for solving plot problems that will allow you to overcome blocks and come up with answers that work.Plot a story in under 2 hours? Troubleshoot and fix broken plots and characters without extensive rewriting? Sign me up!Given how good the free resources are, I expect this course will be mind-blowing.Creative writing worksheets and author resourcesOf course, once youve na iled your outline, plot, and characters, its time to start writing. Youll need to choose a point of view, come up with creative metaphors and similes, and set the scene. There are plenty of resources here to help with those elements of writing too.The creative writing worksheets are outstanding and cover pretty much every aspect of being an author. Theres a large collection of them addressing every topic you could think of. From writers block to developing your author platform, theres help and advice available.The emphasis in each worksheet is on you doing the work to find out the best way for you to tackle an issue, with a little guidance. I find this a much better approach than the prescriptive my way or the highway attitude that some writing teachers and coaches can adopt.If youre looking to ramp up your productivityâ€"certainly something on the mind of most writers, The Novel in a Month Notebook is an excellent, and free, printable resource. You can use it to support your NaNoWr iMo project, or use it any time to help you produce great quality writing faster.If youre planning on completing NaNoWriMo, theres a comprehensive NaNoWriMo resource list available on the blog that has everything you could possibly need to complete your novel in record time.If you want a little extra help, but arent ready to buy an entire course yet, there are some paid worksheets and eBooks at very reasonable prices. My personal favorite is the 40 page eBook The Fools Journey for busy writers. This eBook uses the Tarot as the basis for teaching how to write a great story. It includes advice on adding appropriate conflict and archetypal images and symbols to add depth to your writing.Theres also an interesting novel named Alemmia available.Alemmia is the story of the first summer that Lucy and her family spend on an idyllic island. Its a somewhat old-fashioned tale of childhood adventure, and an easy breezy, low-contrast, low-drama beach read to soothe you into more magical manifest ations!Heres the blurb from the website:Summer on an Edenic Mediterranean island. What could go right?For little Lucia, everything, though she doesnt know it yet.For us, the resolution of conflict, the accomplishment of desires, and the beginning of another beautiful season.Alemmia is a tale of childhood adventure and the potential of the Law of AttractionEadeverell.comTheres an accompanying set of worksheets to help you make the law of attraction work for you. Im a huge fan of the law of attraction and the power of a positive mindset. Ive read lots of law of attraction books and articles, and this is one of the most creative approaches to the law of attraction that Ive seen. If youre looking to attract more good things into your life, this is certainly worth a look.MembershipsProviding your email address gives you a code for exclusive access to The Coterie. Behind this closed section of the website, there are yet more free resources, including the One Page Novel workbook that suppl ements the free materials beautifully.Purchasing any of the courses will gain you lifetime access to the course. For those craving membership to a welcoming writing community, you also receive lifetime access to The Lady Writers League. The League is a supportive community of fellow writers which is open to ladies gentlemen of all levels of writing ability. You can find a writing buddy or critique partner, join in with a challenge, or share your successes and challenges on the Lady Writers League forums.Plus, you receive access to yet more resources to support your creative writing, including:a growing library of free ebooks, printables, and toolsa growing archive of free training, including challenges and mini-courses.Receive special discounts on any future writing courses you decide to take.$5 of every order goes towards supporting our favorite non-profit writing event, NaNoWriMo.You can also join the list to be informed when the other courses How to Be The Heroine of Your Own St ory and How to Lose Yourself in a World of Your Own Invention are available for enrollment.The takeawayEadeverell.com is a brilliant resource for writers at every stage of their journey. Its easy to navigate and jam-packed with informative articles and hands-on writing exercises.For a beginning author, its an almost foolproof collection of resources. I certainly wish Id found it sooner. Even as a seasoned creative writer, there are dozens of worksheets, tips, and tools to make sure Im on top of my novel-writing game.Some of the best articles and exercises on the blog are:Writing quotes to make you feel like a writerWrite with meHow to write a novellaHow to grow as a writerWhat I enjoyed the most from the articles and resources on the site was that the advice given is practical and not dogmatic. Rather than a this is how you must write prescriptive tone, the tools and guidance provided are designed to help you come to your own creative conclusions.If youve not discovered the site yet , then what are you waiting for? Head on over and check out the amazing creative resources that eadeverell.com has to offer.

Monday, June 29, 2020

Bacteria, Viruses, and Health Essay - 275 Words

Bacteria, Viruses, and Health (Essay Sample) Content: Bacteria, Viruses, and HealthNameInstitutionThe drug resistance bacteria are a natural process that occurs when a patient use antimicrobial for any infection. The microbes are forced to die or adapt; notably, the microbes that survive carries the resistance genes that is passed from one person to another (Chan, 2011 ). Inherently, human behaviors such as flawed assumptions and faulty practices increase the resistance rate of the bacteria. On the other hand, policy failures and human practices amplify the continued resistance of bacteria. In essence, the world has failed to provide appropriate care for these cures. Arguably, bacterial resistance to diseases such as malaria is high owing to the single type of artemisinin-based therapies.According to Chan (2011 ), bacterial resistance can be reduced by developing rational and appropriate use of antimicrobial. These irrational behaviors include overuse, improper, and unprofessional dispensing of drugs to patients. The pha rmacists are blamed for yielding to the demands of the patients while others for profitable reasons. Moreover, the underuse of the drugs by the patients increases the risk of bacterial resistance to drugs (Chan, 2011 ). Complete consumption of the drugs will kill all the pathogens in the body. Hence, patients should avoid using drugs as soon as they start t feel better. In addition, misuse of the drug such as using a drug for the wrong disease. Proper diagnostic test needs to be carried out before a drug is given to the patient. Moreover, governments should ensure that substandard drugs are kept from away circul...

Friday, May 22, 2020

The background and principles related to Islamic Banking - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3595 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Islamic principles have stated clearly that all business transactions have to follow the fairness behavior stated in Islamic law where no party should gain any sort of unequal treatment thus when an investment occurs between two parties both the parties should divide the profit or loss according to the business status (Schon; 2009). Islamic principles related to monetary transactions have stated clearly that no harm or use of harmful products is allowed to be conducted under the Islamic business (Schon; 2009). Thus; Gambling, prostitution and similar projects should be banned from using Islamic money as a tool of transactions (Schon; 2009). 2.1 Principles behind Islamic Banking Two basic principles behind Islamic banking are the sharing of profit and loss (PLS), significantly, the prohibition of collection and payment of interest. In fact, collecting interest is not permitted under Islamic law. Islamic banking refers to a system of banking or banking activities that is consistent with Islamic law and principles and guided by Islamic economics (Sipra, 2002). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The background and principles related to Islamic Banking" essay for you Create order 2.3 Islamic Banking around the World Present Islamic finance has exist globally since the 1970.Currently, Islamic finance represent small but growing fragment of the global finance industry (Ariss 2010). Estimates diverge of the total size of the assets held globally under Islamic finance, ranging upwards from 800 billion and with growth rates of 10% to 15% annually over the past ten years. Indeed, United Kingdom has announced initiations to reserve London as a main player in the Islamic finance industry (Kerr, 2007); the global market for Islamic bonds known as Sukuk us estimated to be $70 billion currently and is projected to reach $100 billion by 2010.Global issuance of Islamic bonds has increased more than five-fold from 2004 to 2007. Assets of the top 500 Islamic banks expanded 28.6% to $822 billion at year-end 2009 Islamic industry size is estimated to be at 400 billion USD with growth of 15% per annum. Demand for Islamic banking products and service is growing, Islamic banking has developed into a full fledg e system, today Islamic banks are working in 75 countries beside that there are many financial institutions from the conventional banking systems have lunched Islamic banking windows working side by side with Islamic banks to overcome the growing market demand on Islamic products and services. In Malaysia and Bahrain Islamic banks are working at parallel with conventional banks participating in the overall money transacted (Scribd; 2010). In some countries, such as Iran, Sudan and Pakistan, Islamic bank are the only mainstream financial institutions. In others, they exist within conjunction with conventional banking. The Arab Gulf region and Southeast Asia, led by Malaysia, traditionally have been the major centers for Islamic banking. In recent years Islamic banking has expanded into Africa, particular in Sudan (Tahir 2007). Sudan has full financial system running at a national level by Islamic finance and banking principles, Iran also have switched to fully working Islamic b anking system in spite of the conceptual interpretation differences.UK, Euro countries and many other countries have initiated Islamic banking participations by allowing Islamic banks to start doing business (Tahir 2007). Chart 2.1 is showing that Iran is the higher ranked in Islamic banking assts followed by Saudi Arabia and Malaysia. Indeed, Bahrain has 10 Islamic banks compare with 19 banks in Sudan. In fact, Iran, Sudan and Pakistan fully operate as a full main stream Islamic banking system. Chart 2.1 Break Down of the Worlds 100 Islamic Banks Source: Asian Banker Research Bahrain have a large concentration of Islamic banking in the Middle East where it hosts 26 institutions offering different products and services including commercial banking, offshore banking, investment banking and fund management , Bahrain also purse a dual banking system where conventional and Islamic banking are treated equally by the Bahrain Monetary Agency , Bahrain also hosts the newly creat ed liquidity management center and the international Islamic financial market , to coordinate the operation of Islamic banking around the world. Malaysia has a comprehensive Islamic banking industry where conventional and Islamic banks are working at a competitive environment; the conventional banks are allowed to open Islamic windows. The share of Islamic banking operation in Malaysia has grown from a nil to 8 percent in 2003 where the government in Malaysia has a plan to enhance that to 20 percent by 2011. There is a growing interest for Islamic finance and a business opportunity for lenders in the United States where Islamic banking is largely exists in the personal home mortgages (Tahir 2007). Chart 2.2 explains that the issuance of Sukuk financial records for about 10% of the comprehensive Islamic finance industry, subsequent to fast growth over the past decade. Cumulative total issues topped the figurative mark of $100 billion at year-end 2009, compared with less than $500 million at year-end 2001. The market is slowly reviving after a major slowdown in 2008. Sukuk issues totaling $23.3 billion in 2009 clearly outpaced the $14.9 billion registered in 2008 and regained some ground against record issues of $34.3 billion in 2007. Chart 2.2 Sukuk Issuance in billions USD from 2001 to 2009 Source : (Poors 2010) 2.6 Definition of Corporate Governance The agency problem arises because of the relationship between the owners and the management. The scandal in corporate governance made the scholars defining corporate governance based on the problem solving perspective or corporate affairs perspective. In addition, most definition states that internal governance mechanism involves board of directors and ownership structure while external involves taking over market and legal system. Researchers have defined corporate governance in a variety of ways, and the most widely cited definitions follow. A definition by the finance committee on corporate governance in Malaysia in the report on corporate governance (2002) stated that: Corporate governance is the process and structure used to direct and manage the business and affairs of the company towards enhancing business prosperity and corporate accountability with the ultimate objective of realizing long term shareholder value, whilst taking account the interests of other stakeholders. This indicates that corporate governance is not only applied to the shareholders but the other stakeholders as well. 2.7 Corporate Governance System around the World 2.7.1 Anglo-Saxon Corporate Governance System The Anglo -Saxon system is taking by the main source of firms finance. Therefore, the main concentration of Anglo-Saxon corporate governance is the shareholder interest where the principle is applied by given the right to each shareholder to vote pursuant to that the law found to be protecting the shareholder against the management where a shareholder can be found misusing the company money which might affect the shareholder wealth. The composition of the Anglo-Saxon corporate governance system is one board of directors constituting of executives and non-executives. The executive directors are managers of the corporations; whereas the non-executive directors are representing the shareholders to monitor the manager in their day to day business. Both executive and non-executives directors members are appointed and dismissed by general assembly of shareholders.(Denis and McConnell 2003). 2.7.2 Germanic Corporate Governance System The Germanic corporate governance system deals with the firm as an autonomous economic entity which may benefit to shareholders and stakeholders in the firm. Countries which implement this system use two board systems consisting of a supervisory board and managing board. Supervisory board main duties are to appoint the managing dismiss managing board and to evaluate management performance. Germanic corporate governance system considers the bank as the main source of finance. Therefore, the bank has a significant voting right in shareholders shareholders assembly and also represents shareholders interest in a supervisory board (Odenius; 2008) . 2.7.3 Latin Corporate Governance System The Latin corporate governance system is considered more flexible compared with previous Systems. In a context of board of directors, Latin corporations have an option to select either one board as Anglo-Saxon system or two boards as in Germanic System, shareholders have more influence in the Latin system i.e. in French legislation, shareholders can remove a director, which overrule on a share one vote system.(Aguilera and Ermoli 2005) 2.7.4 Japanese Corporate Governance System The board of directors in Japanese system comprises a board of directors, an office of representive directors and an office of auditors. The president is the rarely the chair man of the board. Banks have high influence on the decision making of the management in the Japanese system .(Allen; and Zhao; 2007) 2.7.5 Islamic Corporate Governance. The corporate governance in Islamic banking is based on Islamic law and principles. The governance of the banks is subject to acceptance of the principles and standard of Shariah. Islamic corporate governance tension on all the parties involved in the organization to practice Islamic law principles. Since Islamic banks in many ways are similar to the conventional banks; the existence of a proper frame work of corporate governance is a matter of dire necessity (Pellegrini 2006). However, in accordance with the fact that Islamic banking and conventional banking are different because Islamic banking activities are underlined by Islamic law its not appropriate for Islamic banking to divert from Islamic practices .Thus, the responsibility is on Islamic banks to ensure that all activities are subject to Shariah law acceptance (Pellegrini 2006). In terms of guidelines and principles constructed in accordance with Islamic law there are many standardizing agencies; theses agencies inc lude the Islamic financial service board (IFSB), the accounting and auditing organization for Islamic financial institutions (AAOIFI), and International Islamic rating agency (IIRA); are of the important bodies concerned with regulations enhancing the supervision in Islamic financial institutions (Grais and Pellegrini 2006; Pellegrini 2006; Wafik Grais 2007). Researchers have conceptually explained the differences attributed to corporate governance principles in Islamic law and corporate governance principles in non Islamic law, the proposed considerations mostly concentrated on Shariah supervisions, financing modes and risk managements. In addition, Islamic finance scholars have supported the explanation of theoretical base of Islamic banking and finance on stakeholder theory considering that any party who affect of get affected by the activities conducted in the Islamic financial institution is a stack holder of the Islamic financial institution (BAHJATT; 1997; Chapera 2004; Ab u-Tapanjeh 2009). Table 1.1 focuses on the differences between the organization for economic cooperation and developments principles and Islamic principles where sole authority is to Shariah, society is a stakeholder and the sense of equality between different parties involved in the corporation process. Islamic perspective on corporate governance, to some extent, resembles to the stakeholder model. Indeed, it provides a more solid justification regarding who can qualify as a stakeholder and what are the rights and responsibilities that both firms and their various stakeholders may assume. Table 1.1 Corporate Governance from Islamic Prospective OECD Principles and Annotation Islamic Principles Insuring the basis for an effective corporate governance framework Promotion of transparent and efficient markets with rule of law and division of responsibilities Promotion of business within ethical framework of Shariah,Believes in profit and loss,Primacy of Justice and social welfare withsocial and spiritual obligations,Prohibition of interest The rights of shareholders and key ownership functions Basic shareholder rights, Participation in Decision-making at the general meetings, Structures and arrangements markets for corporate control, Ownership rights by all shareholders including institutional shareholders, Consultative process between shareholders and institutional shareholders Property as trust from God, Sole Authority is God, Society as stakeholders, Accountability not only to stakeholders but also to God, the ultimate owner The equitable treatment of shareholders Protection to minority and foreign shareholders Just and fairness of value The role of stakeholders in corporate governance In creating wealth, jobs and sustainability of financially sound Enterprises Islamic accountability to Falahand social welfare orientation, Haram/Halaldichotomy in transaction, Social individual welfare from both spiritual and material Disclosure and transparency Matters regarding corporation, Financial situation, Performance, ownership and Governance Accountability with Shariahcompliance, Socio-economic objectives related to firms control and accountability to all its stakeholders, Justice, equality, truthfulness transparency, Wider accountability with written as well as oral disclosure The responsibilities of the board Strategic guidance, Monitoring of management, Accountability to company and stakeholders Accountability not only to company or board or stakeholders but also to Allah the ultimate authority who leads to welfare and success, Holistic and integrative guidance, Negotiation and co-operation, Consultation and consensus seeking for each decision with related stakeholders Source : (OECD 1999; Abu-Tapanjeh 2009) Unlike the known corporate governance systems where the solving of agency conflict is one of the important issues related to the governance mechanisms. Islamic corporate governance laid the liaison and activities of the bank to Shariah supervisory board and main Shariah board at the central bank of the country. Thus, each party involved in the transaction and activities of the bank is stakeholder. The Islamic finance activities have the obligation towards employees, community and related parties of organization. The staff in Islamic bank should act according to Islamic principles and adhere to the teaching of Islam. Accounting standards in the Islamic bank should consider that Islamic banking is interest free banking(M; 2007). Shariah supervisory board (SSB) has the authority to reject any of the projects which is not in accordance with their expectation. Indeed, the process of the Shariah reviewing the activities is one of the fundamentals of Islamic banking transaction. The Shariah reviewing process includes risk management, auditing committee and Shariah research functions (Hamzah 2009). . Figure 2.1 is explaining the process of The Shariah supervisory board where Shariah board receives the new projects and products before they are presented to the customers in order to assure the Shariah compliance. Shariah board process will supervise bank activities and processes in order to assure the Shariah compliance. Shariah supervisory board has the responsibility to enhance the Islamic banking knowledge among the employees in the Islamic banks. Figure 2.1 Shariah Board Process Source : (BNM 1 October 2005) The board of directors is committed to the decisions made by the Shariah supervisory board irrespective of whether the majority approve or disapprove. The meeting of the board usually is held periodically or whenever the situation require (DIB 2010). 2.8 Principles of Islamic Corporate Governance The Islamic financial service board (IFSB) is an international guidelines and regulation organization that concentrate on improving the consistency and firmness of the Islamic financial services institutions by issuing global standards and principles for the industry, mostly distinct to include institutions which deal under Islamic law (IFSB 2006). The principles is concerned about enhancing the process of the Islamic banks under a proper mechanism related to Shariah law which highlight and explain what are the duties and responsibilities related to stakeholder in the Islamic bank. The principles detail the process and structure of governance in the Islamic to achieve the optimum smooth of return to stakeholders (IFSB 2006). As per the principles guidelines its of importance to meet to principles because that will help providing a typical disclosure particularly financial statements for internal audit which deliver a great responsibility to the stakeholders, indeed it also en dorses the Basel I, II and the principles of corporate governance in banks, so as to ensure the safety of Islamic banking and to provide protection for the assets and rights of customers of Islamic banks encouraging commitment to the decisions of (IFSB) .The sitting standards by IFSB for Islamic financial institutions involve the discussion on the mechanism to balance between different stakeholders in the organization including the duties and responsibilities, the board of directors and financial reporting requirements (IFSB 2006). Table 2.1 presents the main principles for Islamic financial institutions including Islamic banks which must adhere to Islamic law including governance mechanisms, right of investment account holders, and compliance with Islamic Shariah rules and the transparency of account reporting. Table 2.1 the Guiding Principles of Islamic Financial Service Board IFSB Principle 1.1: IIFS shall establish a comprehensive governance policy framework which sets out the strategic roles and functions of each organ of governance and mechanisms for balancing the IIFSs accountabilities to various stakeholders. Principle 1.2: IIFS shall ensure that the reporting of their financial and non-financial information meets the requirements of internationally recognized accounting standards which are in compliance with Shariahrules and principles and are applicable to the Islamic financial services industry as recognized by the supervisory authorities of the country. Principle 2.1: IIFS shall acknowledge IAHs right to monitor the performance of their investments and the associated risks, and put into place adequate means to ensure that these rights are observed and exercised. Principle 2.2: IIFS shall adopt a sound investment strategy which is appropriately aligned to the risk and return expectations of IAH (bearing in mind the distinction between restricted and unrestricted IAH), and be transparent in smoothing any returns. Principle 3.1: I IFS shall have in place an appropriate mechanism for obtaining rulings from Shariahscholars, applying Fatwaand monitoring Shariahcompliance in all aspects of their products, operations and activities. Principle 3.2: IIFS shall comply with the Shariahrules and principles as expressed in the rulings of the IIFSs Shariahscholars. The IIFS shall make these rulings available to the public. Principle 4: IIFS shall make adequate and timely disclosure to IAH and the public of material and relevant information on the investment accounts that they manage. Source: International Islamic Finance Services Board (IFSB 2006) 2.8.1 Ownership Islamic banks guiding principles permit the bank to constitute the capital from original and foreign resources, in respect to the rate of deposit and place of deposit of the capital fund , it will be decided by the proficient authority, Islamic bank will constitute a reserve fund and every year an specific amount of profit will be kept in this fund from the net income after paying of tax and Zakat at the time assessing the minimum asset Islamic bank will take into consideration the balance of Savings Account, Investment Account, other deposit liabilities including the cash in hand other liabilities as directed by the proficient authority (Solà © 2008). 2.8.2 Board Size The principles of Islamic banking enhances the implementations of Basel I, II and III In explaining the board size requirement in Islamic banks, the governance code recommended that the impact of size should be examined on the board effectiveness. However there is no specified numbers of the board recommended. It is in line with the above-mentioned arguments that a board should not be too big or too small. However, the Islamic banks should allow a board with active participation and has the ability to make effective decisions and performing their functions (Solà © 2008). 2.8.3 Qualifications As part of the governance enhancement effort, IIFSB in its listing requirements requires all directors of Islamic banks to undertake continuous training and education improvement process. It aims at influencing corporate thinking on governance issues among the directors (Kasri 2008). 2.8.4 Disclosure As the Islamic financial services industry increases its activities in the global financial scaffold, IIFS requires the Islamic banks to abide by globally recognized reporting standards. IIFS is therefore ensuring that the reporting of financial and non-financial information is in harmony with worldwide recognized accounting standards, particularly those applicable to Islamic financial services. Islamic bank will appoint an auditor every year, which is to be approved by the proficient authority (Solà © 2008). The main principles enhancing the world banking system are the Basel principles. Basel is a committee focusing on formulating standards for banks especially those guidelines which help to maintain the risk level and safety against financial crisis. The Basel committees standards have been going through wide improvement from time to another. Basel I in 1998 required the countries to have a minimal capital requirement for banks; most of the focus was on credit risk. Basel I instructed the banks with international presence to hold capital equal to 8 % of the risk weighted assets. Following that, the Basel II introduced in 2004 was encouraging all countries to adopt the regulations proposed on their banking system. Indeed, Basel II was the creation dilemma of banking laws and regulations against problems that may arise particularly in capital management and risk management. Then, Basel III was a responding improvement to financial crisis where the committee instructed the banks to hold apportion of its capital to preserve against abnormal loss (Solà © 2008). Critically, Islamic banks were already enhancing the principles of Basel III which is been translated in their financial status after the crisis as they have not been affected by crisis same as the conventional banks.(Networking 2010) Abu-Tapanjeh, A. M. (2009). Corporate governance from the Islamic perspective: A comparative analysis with OECD principles. Critical Perspectives on Accounting 2 0(5): 556-567. Aguilera , R. V. and I. Ermoli (2005). A Comparative Analysis of Corporate Governance Systems in Latin America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Venezuela. SSRN eLibrary. Allen;, F. and M. Zhao; (2007) The Corporate Governance Model of Japan: Shareholders are not Rulers. Ariss, R. T. (2010). Competitive Conditions in Islamic and Conventional Banking: A Global Perspective. Review of Financial Economics 19: 101-108. BAHJATT;, M. F. (1997). TOWARDS STANDARDS FOR RELIGIOUS AUDIT IN ISLAMIC BANKS. Review of Islamic Economics, 3(2): 39. BNM (1 October 2005). Guidelines on Corporate Governance for Licensed Institutions. Chapera, M. U. (2004). Stackholder Model of Governance in Islamic Economic System. Islamic Economic Studies. 11(2). Denis, D. K. and J. J. McConnell (2003). International Corporate Governance. SSRN eLibrary. Grais, W. and M. Pellegrini (2006). Corporate Governance and Shariah Compliance in Institutions Offering Islamic Financial Services. SSRN eLibrary. Hamzah, H. (2009). The Control of Islamic Bank Activity by the Shariah Board : Effectiveness and Limits. Economic and Quantitative method Tunis, University of Manouba IFSB (2006) Guding Princibiles on Corporate Governance for Instituation Offering Only Islamic Financial Services (Exculding Islamic Finance Insurance and Mutual fund) Kasri, R. A. (2008). Corporate Governance: Conventional vs. Islamic Perspective. SSRN eLibrary. M;, A. E. W. (2007) A unified voice : The Role of Shariah Advisery Boards in Islamic Finance. Networking, I. b. (2010) Basel III in support of the Islamic banking principal Odenius;, J. (2008) Germanys Corporate Governance Reforms: Has the System Become Flexible Enough? OECD (1999) OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. Pellegrini, W. G. a. M. (2006). Corporate Governance in instiuations offering Islamic financial Services : Issues and Options. Islamic economic ,Banking and Finance Poors, S. a. (2010). Islam ic Finance Outlook 2010. Schon;, N. (2009). Islamic banking and finance, Spriamus Press Ltd. Scribd; (2010) Islamic Banking vs Conventional Banking. Islamic Banking vs Conventional Banking Solà ©, J. (2008) Introducing Islamic Banks into Conventional Banking Systems. Tahir, S. (2007). Islamic Theory and Practice Survey of Literature Jouranl of Economic Corporation 28(1): 1-72. Wafik Grais , M. P. (2007). Corporate Governance and Shariah Compliance in institutions offering Islamic Financial Services. Wold Bank Research Working Papers 4054.

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Your Writing Style Essay - 1536 Words

Your Writing Style How can one person know what good style is when writing a paper? Where is it written that we as students should have to follow specific guidelines while writing? Anyone wanting to make their writing clear, precise, and simply correct will usually try following some type of guideline, or book in order to perfect their own writing style. After reading both The Elements of Style by Strunk and White, and also Williams’s Style toward Clarity and Grace I can see why teachers discuss these books as tools for correcting and perfecting their students writing, and style. While at the same time understand someone out of the classroom setting, brushes up on their skills in writing with these books before they†¦show more content†¦Instead of calling these books rule books they should be called suggestive writing tip books. Whereas, before someone thought if they did not follow the rule they were breaking it, now they can feel they are simply choosing to ignore some advice tha t may or may not have been helpful to them. This helps them to understand that not every time they â€Å"break† a rule is wrong, sometimes choosing to ignore the advice can have positive effects on their writing. Strunk and White, and Williams use very different approaches when addressing the issue of style. Strunk and White, apply more of a straight forward approach strictly telling the reader to follow their rules word for word. Although, many students and teachers believe it is a mystery why they choose the rules in style that they put into their book. Are these places where students have the most trouble with their style, and diction? If not, then are they the pet peeves of an overtly critical no-nonsense teacher? It was my understanding that overall the students should not question the advice being given them; they should simply follow the rules with no questions asked. After going through the blogs I came across Paula Newsom’s, she felt the same way I did about Strunk and White’s method for addressing style in their book. According to Paulas blog â€Å"any style book that makes a reader presume that its rules are engraved in stone suggests that there is only oneShow MoreRelatedWhy You Are Looking For Your Writing Style769 Words   |  4 PagesOrgani ze Your Content So You Can Outsource Your Writing.... The best way to outsource content is to organize your topics and ideas. Doing so will allow the writer to have a better idea of your writing style. Make sure to outline the topic of your article, so the writer can write content around your topic. Know What You Are Looking For In order to effectively outsource your writing, you must have an idea of what you are looking for. This means think about the categories you want to includeRead MoreMy Strengths And Weaknesses Of An Effective Student988 Words   |  4 PagesI think this is a great tool because it helped me identify what my strengths are. Since I identified more strengths than weaknesses I saw this self-assessment as a motivation tool. In this lesson, I learned that there can be patterns to your strengths and your weaknesses (Bethel University, 2014). This essay will go over what my strengths and weaknesses were, after taking the self-assessment. After reviewing my weaknesses, I noticed a theme. The theme that stood out is my inability to effectivelyRead MoreWriting Style Fit For All Audiences1291 Words   |  6 Pages Molding A Writing Style Fit For All Audiences My goal is to learn how to make my writing flexible to satisfy different groups while keeping it on point. When looking at my current work and self reflecting I quickly recognized that my writing was sloppy and liberal. Why are my writings producing these kind of results? I formed a conclusion that my High School teachers were to blame. I was so stuck on robotically writing summaries for teachers, including English teachers, that I rarely hadRead MoreMy Writing Style Of Writing905 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout this class I have learn many different writing styles. We used APA form of writing to type our paper and essay. I have also learned that it’s good to take your time and spend more time thinking about what to write, other than just righting a paper right off back. I have learned that it’s not a good idea to write a paper on the day it’s done, that’s more like a ruff daft. My teacher have helped me understand different point of writing. Which all wr iting deal with an ethos, pathos and logos, eitherRead MoreJohn Widemen Our Time Eassy Essay1597 Words   |  7 Pagesseen. His brother Robbie was sentenced to life in prison after being involved in a murder and robbery. 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Students will learn to distinguish between interpretive and analytical writing while using the writing process and specific rhetorical strategies to develop position andRead MoreGraduation Speech : College And University Of Your Choosing920 Words   |  4 Pagesaccepted into the college or university of your choosing. The last six months, a time well spent perfecting your college entrance essays have paid off. The unexpected bliss of deciding your major, and knowing all of your schooling this far has lead you to this monumental milestone in your life. Although you feel prepared, you have lingering thought; did high school English prepare me for the challenges and expectations college professors expect in writing assignments? Unfortunately, â€Å"about 60 percentRead MoreFriendship, By Ralph Waldo Emerson And Friendship Sonnet By William Shakespeare1273 Words   |  6 Pagesmakes him sad and the difficulty dealing with his lost. In these two poems they use different types of imagery, and this makes them unique in their own way. Friendships similarity will be seen through two famous poets using imagery and different writing styles to describe the theme of friendship. In â€Å"Friendship† by Ralph Waldo Emerson he talks about friendship and the relationship we have with that friend. In this work, he says that when two people meet each other who have the same idea of what theyRead MoreWriting Styles Essay example646 Words   |  3 PagesWriting Styles In this essay I will be going into detail about three different writing styles used in health and social care. I will also be comparing the writing styles against each other. Persuasive Writing – Persuasive writing is all about trying to get someone’s attention on something. Persuasive writing use’s specific features which help the information used to become persuasive towards the audience. This could include using present tense, using emotive language, using rhetorical questionsRead MoreReflection Essay1087 Words   |  5 Pagesthat it would mature my writing to a higher level of thinking. This is seen as past experiences in my writing through high school English teacher feedback indicated my writing to be full of flaws. I often would receive feedback on my writing being awkwardly worded or lacking fluidity. The one valuable skill I learned from English 101,102 and 103 was the idea that exposure to different readings, formulas and informal writings give practice, for me to find my own voice in writing. This is especially

Saturday, May 9, 2020

Whatever They Told You About Essay Examples Is Dead Wrong...And Heres Why

Whatever They Told You About Essay Examples Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why There's no need in making a determination, which health problem or phenomena is more urgent at this time or what's left in the shadows and should be enlightened at least in your essay. The most important idea is the urge to help people. If you're likely to be writing about the way in which the world has changed, it will help to understand what was true before. Regardless of the fact you require to present your whole own life experience, but nevertheless, it is not going to signify that you just can't perform with assorted manners of demonstration. The exact ideal thing about producing an educational essay is the broad number of topics it's possible to choose from. After you've determined the purpose of the paper, it's time and energy to find the crowd. Since you know you are going to be asked about ways where the world is changing, it's possible to produce examples to use on the test in advance. You may find a significant bit of businesses offering example essay. The Essay Examples Game Add key words linked to facts and ideas that you want to include in the essay. The majority of the facts are about the excellent features of the author. It truly is particularly useful if it comes regards a considerable research newspaper of some form of instructional essay that's big sufficient at proportion. So, there are a lot of manners an informative article can be produced. Every paragraph describes one particular point (something special in regards to the author). It's also best to provide more concrete examples. The Appeal of Essay Examples You've got to repeat the thesis that you mentioned in the beginning of your essay for a system to refresh the reader's mind of the principal purpose of the essay. There are 3 primary views that underlie the 3 perspectives you're offered in the ACT essay prompt. There's no best solution on the ideal method to compose a productive essay. When it has to do with writing college essays, it's required to use different approaches to make something successful. Whether or not you require healthcare essay helpor management essay writing help every kind of essay can be finished with expertise by the students. If you are feeling that will certainly cope with it, you're welcome to view some essay samples before you begin. Next, before starting the true essay, an individual ought to consider the thesis statement, which is among the most crucial elements of any essay. The very first stage of writing an argumentative essay is to select the topic. Generally speaking, it's advisable to bear in mind that public health is always concerned with the wellness of the group, instead of the person. Public health creates awareness of health behaviors that may be employed to prevent and lessen the likelihood of infections. Furthermore, public health also works to stop the transmission of disease. Additionally, public health strives to lower the disability and morbidity brought on by non-communicable diseases. Definitions of Essay Examples In 1999, th e united kingdom government document Our Health Nation, has identified a 3 way partnership at a better health. Health education is a critical tool of community health. Public health encompasses virtually every area of day-to-day living, thus, it's difficult to get a definition broad enough to illustrate its complexity. Environmental health is a critical issue for all people of the planet. With a most important motif, the essay will likely possess focus upon which you might build up the remaining part of the paragraphs. You might opt to structure your essay at the start and generate an overview of their principal body of discussion. Your own personal statement might also have length and formatting specifications. Then you are going to roll out details and reasoning in the principal body. Essay Examples Options The main reason it truly is vital that you make sure to may make a broad and extensive scholarship essay is on account of the large benefits that it will possibly pro vide to a scholarship app. After the freedom of the person interferes with that principle, freedom has to be restricted. Among the significant number of essay topics for college students you would like to select only that one in which you are going to be interested. During the course of someone's education, a student is likely to stumble upon the endeavor of writing an argumentative essay.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

What Makes An Enterprise Nosql Database Different From Non...

What makes an Enterprise NoSQL database different from Non-Enterprise is the way it handles enterprise-class and enterprise scale application. Enterprise NoSQL needs to be secure because security of the modern enterprise is built in such a way that it does not allow user, as well as developers, access to data stored in the database especially its sensitive data. That is why some NoSQL vendors advertise their product as having better security privileges that meet the standards of a number of Government and business programs. Also, its robustness needs to be proven reliable with good uptime to satisfy service level agreements. This is necessary especially to professionals who need to store data without experiencing any data loss or data redundancy. It also needs to meet the needs of ACID which means the enterprise application should be atomic, consistent, isolated, and durable for its transactions that way it enables the support of several document transaction formats. The ability to s upport real-time indexing and full text search is necessary to meet the real-time requests of data in whatever forms or formats the request is received. Modern search capabilities such as wildcards, phrase search, etc. need to be supported by the enterprise NoSQL. That way, all the index functions are updated in real-time. For the purpose of this paper, we are going to focus on these three type of NoSQL database BigTable, Cassandra, DynamoDB. BigTable: What we should know about BigTable;Show MoreRelatedRelational Database Management System ( Rdbms )1210 Words   |  5 PagesRelational database management system (RDBMS) have used for many decades. However, these databases are facing several challenges with the requirements of many organizations like high scalability and availability. They cannot deal with huge amount of data and requests efficiently. As a result, famous organizations such as Google and Amazon shift from RDBMS to NoSQL databases. 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Sylvia Plath Poetry Notes Free Essays

Sylvia Plath Plath’s poetry depicts her quest for poetic inspiration and vision: In her early poems, like ‘Black Rook’, Plath sees inspiration as transcendent, something that would announce itself to her from the external world. Plath’s language implies that she awaits a visitation of beauty, like the Annunciation by the angel in the Bible. Plath longs for an occasional ‘portent’ or ‘back talk from the mute sky’. We will write a custom essay sample on Sylvia Plath Poetry Notes or any similar topic only for you Order Now She doesn’t believe in religious epiphany; but she uses Christian language as an analogy to convey her longing. Her longing is for even brief moments of revelation from things, nature or the universe: ‘As if a celestial burning took possession of the most obtuse objects now and then—Thus hallowing an interval otherwise inconsequent’. Throughout the poem ‘Black Rook’, Plath uses ‘fire’ and associated words as an analogy for poetic inspiration or vision. See the extended note on this point in Imagery below. In ‘Black Rook’, Plath is resigned to the fact that inspiration involves a ‘long wait’. The euphoria of inspiration is ‘rare, random’ and brief. By the time Plath Wrote ‘Finisterre’ four years later, she had ceased to seek or discern enlightenment or any transcendent reality in nature and the universe: ‘Our Lady of the Shipwrecked †¦ does not hear what the sailor or the peasant is saying – She is in love with the beautiful formlessness of the sea’ [Finisterre] . Instead, she discerns: ‘Black admonitory cliffs’ and ‘Souls, rolled in the doom-noise of the sea’. Plath’s perception of the world is therefore very bleak. In the poem ‘Mirror’, the poet’s quest for beauty and vision has turned inwards. She gazes inwards towards the self. She seeks despairingly for enlightenment through self-examination. What she finds appals her: ‘A woman bends over me, searching my reaches for what she really is†¦ tears and an agitation of hands’. In ‘Pheasant’, Plath declares her atheistic stance: ‘I am not mystical. It isn’t As if I thought it had a spirit. It is simply in its element. ’ However, Plath shows that not all her poems are bleak. She experiences the aesthetic beauty of nature. She enjoys the beauty of a natural creature in its environment: ‘It unclaps, brown as a leaf, and loud, Settles in the elm, and is easy. ’ In ‘Elm’ Plath probes her subconscious, and states she is saturated with self-knowledge. Plath experiences harrowing visions within the inner self. Plath invents a demon in her subconscious that gives her a very self-destructive vision: ‘I am incapable of more knowledge. What is this, this face So murderous in its strangle of branches? — Its snaky acids kiss. It petrifies the will. These are the isolate, slow faults That kill, that kill, that kill. ’ [Elm] In ‘Poppies in July’, Plath seems so emotionally exhausted that she has given up the rational pursuit of the truth or any kind of vision. She longs for drugged relief, for a ‘colourless’ state: ‘Where are your opiates, your nauseous capsules’. In ‘Child’ Plath has lost the capacity to find beauty for herself: ‘this troublous Wringing of hands, this dark Ceiling without a star’ But she feels a desire to provide visions of wonder and beauty for her infant’s eye: ‘I want to fill it with color and ducks, The zoo of the new’ [Child] Plath explores her own depression. Plath is exhausted and aimless: ‘not seek any more in the desultory weather some design†¦ this season of fatigue’ [Black Rook] Plath predicts her own fading away, destruction or ‘effacement’: ‘I’m no more your mother than the cloud that distils a mirror to reflect its own slow effacement at the wind’s hand’ [Morning Song] Plath uses a bleak landscape to portray her own despair: ‘This was the land’s end: the last fingers, knuckled and rheumatic, Cramped on nothing. Black Admonitory cliffs, and the sea exploding With no bottom, or anything on the other side of it, Whitened by the faces of the drowned. Now it is only gloomy, a dump of rocks†¦ Bay of the Dead’ [Finisterre] Plath reveals intense grief: When they free me, I am beaded with tears’ [Finisterre] Plath confesses her deep anguish: ‘She rewards me with tears and an agitation of hands’ [Mirror] Plath is very self-critical: ‘I trespass stupidly. Let be, let be. ’ [Pheasant] Plath’s fears becomes ever more nightmarish: ‘I am terrified by this dark thing that sleeps in me’ [Elm] Plath reveals that she is inflicting suffering on herself: ‘Is it for such I agitate my heart’ [Elm] Plath confesses the traumatic effect of electric-convulsive treatment: ‘I have suffered the atrocity of sunsets. Scorched to the root My red filaments burn and stand, a hand of wires’ [Elm] Plath confesses that isolation and lack of love haunt her: ‘I am inhabited by a cry. Nightly it flaps out Looking, with its hooks, for something to love’ [Elm] Plath reveals that she is becoming powerless to deal with her illness: ‘Its snaky acids kiss. It petrifies the will’ [Elm] Plath has moments when she longs to escape her mind through drugs: ‘Or your liquors seep to me, in this glass capsule, dulling and stilling’ [Poppies] How to cite Sylvia Plath Poetry Notes, Papers

Henry The Fourth Essay Research Paper HENRY free essay sample

Henry The Fourth Essay, Research Paper HENRY THE FOURTH ESSAY In the drama? Henry the 4th? written by William Shakespeare is exultant and denial. There is a prince named Hal that does non move like a prince that you think a prince would and flesh out adult male named Falstaff that is his friend. In this drama we see that the prince alterations when his male parent and his state need him from a bully of a prince to a prince that is tough and baronial. I will demo in stairss how prince Hal turns from? Pal Hal? to? Sweet hope? . In the starting of the drama we see that the prince is a? man-about-town? . He does non move princely. He is ever imbibing and holding merriment with his friends. At this point Hal does non truly care that he is traveling to be the following swayer of his state so he merely has merriment. We will write a custom essay sample on Henry The Fourth Essay Research Paper HENRY or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He loves his friends. He likes their company and the manner they act. He knows they use him to pay for drinks and acquire them out of problem sometimes but that does non truly trouble oneself him. His best friend would hold to be the fat old sloven Falstaf. Falstaf is ever about in the narrative and negotiations all of the clip. He besides spends most of his clip imbibing in the tap house. Hal likes to hang out with Falstaf because he is amusing and vocal. Hal and Falstaf could do merriment of each other and name each other names and that wont bother them. For case when the prince started naming Falstaf, ? This bed-presser, this horse-back-breaker, this immense hill of flesh? . Then Falstaf came back by stating, ? Sblood, you starveling, you eel-skin, you dried orderly? s- lingua, you bull? s pizzle, you stock-fish, # 8211 ; O for breath to express what is similar thee! -you seamster? s-yard, you sheath, you bow-case, you vile standing tuck! ? ( Act 2,2,245-251 ) . All this merely slipped of there dorsums like it didn? t even go on. Hal likes holding merriment. An illustration of this was when Hal and Poins stole money from Falstaf and friends after they robbed a twosome of travellers. Hal and Poins did this because they wanted to see what Falstaf and company would state when they came back to the saloon. They wanted to see the sort of narratives that they would do up. And that did go on. Falstaf made a whole scope of narratives ever altering. One narrative was that a whole ground forces attacked them and tried to contend them off but Falstaf and friends could non make it. Another narrative was that Falstaf knew it was Prince Hal and Poins so he merely allow them travel without aching them. Another manner the prince had merriment was when Hal and Poins would maintain on naming Francis doing him walk back and forth doing him look dumb. This is why the people would name the prince? Pal Hal? . Then one twenty-four hours the King of England had a talk with his boy and Prince Hal realized. He had to alter. The male monarch told him about himself when he was younger when he competed for the throne against King Richard the 2nd. The male monarch so told Hal that if he does non determine up Hotspur might one twenty-four hours win the regard of the people and go male monarch. So now Hal knew what he had to make. He had to halt fooling around and gripe up his repute of a prince. And that? s precisely what he did. He went to the tap house less and went to meetings that his male parent called. He even took charge of an ground forces during the civil war against Hotspur, Glendower, and Mortimer. Now the people realized that there one time? Pal Hal? is now a? Sweet hope? . So now during the civil war Prince Hal is now the new hope of England. The people love him and the enemy is going frightened they are traveling to lose. Then on the battleground Douglas finds the male monarch and starts to contend with him to the decease. But England? s new? Sweet hope? leaps in and salvage his male parents life. Then after the male monarch leaves Hotspur finds the prince. Hotspur says, ? If I mistake non, thou art Harry Monmouth? ( Act 5,4,58 ) . Then the prince answers by stating, ? Thou speak? st as if I would deny my name? ( Act5,4,59 ) . They so fight to the decease and Hotspur loses. Hal has won his ain conflict by crushing his long clip enemy but losing one of his best friends Falstaf. This shows that he is separating with the partying and games and is now traveling to hold to work. So I guess now you could see how baronial Hal has changed from a bully to a rolemodel. He is now a existent prince alternatively of the saloon fly that he one time was we he hung around with Falstaf and the hapless. He is now fit to govern when his male parent dies.

Tuesday, April 28, 2020

The stand Essay Example For Students

The stand Essay King, Stephen. The Stand. New York: New York, 1978tephen Edwin King was born on September 21, 1947 in Portland, Maine He was a surprise to the family because his mother was told that she would never have children. His parents, Donald and Nellie King, were having trouble in their marriage, and when Stephen King was only 2, his father, a door to door salesman for a company, left the house to buy a pack of cigarettes, but never returned. Stephen King hasnt seen his father since. Stephen and his adopted older brother, David King, lived with their mother back and forth between Massachusetts and Maine. And his passion for writing came about in 1959 when he wrote articles in his brothers local newspaper titled Daves Rag. Copied on a mimeograph machine, and with a circulation of only 20 or so Stephen wrote articles. Inspired by the relative success, Stephen copied some of his short stories and sold them to local people for a whole thirty cents. Stephen actually sold some of his work at school until teachers stopped it. And thats how he started his carrier in writing. We will write a custom essay on The stand specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The setting of the story takes place in 1991 in America. A plague struck the U.S. only leaving a few thousand survivors. In the year 1991, a plague strikes America, leaving only a few thousand people alive who are immune to the epidemic. Of the survivors, those who serve G-d instinctively join in Boulder, Colorado, while those who worship the Dark Man are drawn to Las Vegas, Nevada. The two groups separately rebuild society, until one must destroy the other. Franni Goldsmith comes very close to killing herself. She thinks she can not deal with her parents deaths, being unwed and pregnant, and having the only other survivor in her hometown of Ogunquit, Main be her recently deceased best friends weird brother Harold Lauder. On their way, they meet up with six people from various states in the United States who joined them on their journey. Fran is disturbed by her dreams, as all of them are by their own. She dreams of an old lady named Abigail, in Colorado. This lady is kind and loving and promises to protect them from the evil. In the dreams there is also a Dark Man. He is always there lurking, waiting to attack. Harold admits to himself that he is in love with Fran and goes crazy when he realizes how serious Fran has become with Stuart Redman, one of the newcomers to their traveling group. Harold becomes jealous and plans to separate them, even if it means murder. Harold doesnt admit it to any of them, but his dreams are different from theirs. In his dreams the Dark Man offers Harold power and respect, something Harold could never imagine in the past. Harold knows his destiny is to go to Las Vegas. The group arrives in Boulder, and soon after are joined by over one thousand others who dreamt of Abigail and this place. Abigail tells the people that three of them, including Stuart, must be sent to destroy the Dark Man. Mean while Harold secretly leaves with the Dark Mans bride to be Nadine to Las Vegas. Harold is ready to kill Stuart, but is killed instead by the will of G-d. Nadine makes it safely to Las Vegas before Stuart and his two friends are about to be hanged. Out of the sky the hand of G-d comes and destroys the Dark Man sparing the three men. After much hardship, Stuart returns to Fran and her newborn son and together they plant the seeds of a new society. .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee , .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee .postImageUrl , .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee , .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee:hover , .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee:visited , .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee:active { border:0!important; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee:active , .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue8cd1c9c9ee844975acb8f29f2cd80ee:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Soldier of Fortune - Compatibility Notes EssayThe Stand is a book about human nature. It shows peoples emotions toward good and evil. Mostly it show it is in mans nature to rebuild society and to fight for their beliefs. e book didnt really have to much effect on my life because I realize it is a fiction book. But it does make me think about what if this actually did happen and what it would be like for me to live with that. Also to what side I would go on, good or evil. Words/ Pages : 693 / 24

Tuesday, April 14, 2020

How to Find a Sample Essay on the Social Factors of Consumer Behavior

How to Find a Sample Essay on the Social Factors of Consumer BehaviorYou may have heard that you can earn a very good living as a paid survey taker with some of the well known paid survey sites, but you are probably not sure where to start looking for a sample of a paid survey. The best way to start is to get a sample essay that is produced by someone who has been a paid survey participant, and that is filled out by someone who is actually doing the work for you.Now, there are many samples of sample essays available on the internet is where you will be able to find the most. What you can do is search the sites that will provide you with these samples and you will find them. Most likely they will be in various categories, such as buying habits, money management, or any number of other areas that are common themes for paid survey participants.To help you determine whether or not you want to get a sample essays, you should look at the topics that they cover. If they are just listing fac ts without offering any analysis and rationale, then you may want to move on to other sites.The sites that offer this type of essay should offer you some interesting information about the topics and the things that you can expect to find out. Remember, you are usually given a short essay and then you are asked to fill it out, so if the sample essay that you receive does not offer any actual work to do you will find that you will not be able to put any real work into it.If you want to find a free sample essay on the social factors of consumer behavior, you should start by going to websites that specialize in this area, which include free survey sites, and maybe even survey testing sites. These sites will offer you sample essays on a wide variety of subjects, and from these samples you will be able to see what kind of material is being offered to survey takers.While you are at these sites, you may find that the survey takers who write the sample essays that are available are far more detail oriented than the ones that you might be given at many of the paid survey sites. These sites are geared more towards getting you to fill out the forms on the website, so they are a bit less detailed, but they still offer the same kind of information and analysis.The best thing that you can do is to take a look at the sample essays available for free, and then go online and review the info provided to you in those samples. It is important that you know what the sample essay on the social factors of consumer behavior is all about, so that you will know how to fill out the information on your application.That way, you will be able to fill out the forms that are needed, and then you will be ready to earn your first paid survey as soon as possible. So when you are looking for a sample essay on the social factors of consumer behavior, try to look for the sample essays that will provide you with some analysis and explanation on the topic, and then you will be able to tell whether or not you want to take part in the survey.

Friday, March 20, 2020

Where Kittyhawk Failed The Case of Disruptive Technologies

Where Kittyhawk Failed The Case of Disruptive Technologies Disruptive technologies have always been a very dubious concept, clearly promoting further evolution of technological thought, on the one hand, and blocking the development of the current technological advances, on the other hand.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Where Kittyhawk Failed: The Case of Disruptive Technologies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Perhaps, one of the most notorious cases of disruptive technologies affecting the current market and ruining the opportunities of promising technologies to be utilized in the corresponding field, the case of Kittyhawk deserves being analyzed. Despite the fact that the introduction of the Kittyhawk technology was bound to reinvent the then perspective of what information storage is supposed to be like, it failed because of the wrong timing, the faults in marketing and the lack of competitiveness, which Nintendo made efficient use of. However, the given failure doe s not diminish the merits of disruptive technology; instead, it shows that, to introduce a technology that will shake the entire world, one will have to think not only the technical aspects of the on-coming revolution, but also its economical and financial sides, keeping an eye on the competitors at the same time. It would be wrong to claim that the concept of Kittyhawk did not have any intrinsic value; quite on the contrary, the idea of introducing a 1.3-inch hard drive to the target market was way ahead of its time and could have resulted in a major success (Christensen 606). However, due to the faults in marketing, it became a giant flop, which the company swept under the rug as soon as the deal with Nintendo regarding its Nintendo 64 system with a slot for a 1.3† disk drive resulted in a financial discord. The very disruptive technology seemed to have had little to do with the given failure, though; instead, it can be seen as the result of the HP managers’ greed. Un less the company had demanded so much to be invested into the Kittyhawk technology, the latter might have seen the light of the day. Instead, the HP Company clearly decided to use their innovation as the means to make as much money as possible before the Kittyhawk innovation would be ousted by a more promising and efficient method of data storage.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In hindsight, the HP Company should have tried positioning the Kittyhawk technology in a less pompous way, so that it would not flop even after new and better information storage system would be introduced into the market. Thus, the company would have retained their target audience and make at least some money out of their concept, which, instead, turned into a giant disappointment. One of the most graphic cases when the attempt to introduce disruptive technologies ail, the example of the Kittyhawk data storage system developed by the HP provides a lot of food for thoughts, mainly concerning the factors that define the success of a disruptive technology. The given case shows clearly that developing a unique concept is obviously not the only step that it required to promote the given technology as a disruptive one; in addition to the careful consideration of the existing market, its demands, customers and competitors, it is highly recommended that the financial aspect of the promotion campaign should also be introduced into the mix. Despite having a number of chances to become one of the most efficient data storage systems for the time being, the Kittyhawk Project plummeted as the HP Company failed to reach compromise regarding the financial issue, therefore, making it clear that the art of creating disruptive technologies is more than being able to sell innovations. Christensen, Clayton M. Hewlett-Packard: The Flight of the Kittyhawk (A). Harvard, MA: Harvard Bu siness School. 2006. Print.

Wednesday, March 4, 2020

Yogh - A Letter of the Alphabet in Middle English

Yogh - A Letter of the Alphabet in Middle English Yogh  (Ê’)  was a  letter  of the alphabet in  Middle English. According to the editors of the American Heritage Dictionary, yogh was used to represent the sound (y) and the voiced and voiceless velar fricatives. Yogh can be found in the original manuscript of the late-14th-century romance Sir Gawain and the Green Knight [Sir Gawayn and à ¾e Grene KnyÈ t], but the letter  died out during the 15th century. Middle English yogh was derived from the insular g in  Old English.  As explained below, the letter was pronounced in different ways according to a number of factors. Although the yogh has no exact equivalent today, it can  correspond to Modern English y as in yet, Modern English gh as in light, and Scottish English  ch as in loch. Examples and Observations The yogh ... asks us to make the sound that most Germans make when they say ich, which most Scots people make when they say loch, which most Welsh people make when they say bach, and which some Liverpudlians make when they say back. As the Old English said this kind of sound a good deal, it was very useful to have a letter for it. They had the Roman g which we see in the first line of Beowulf. The yogh was used in the Middle English period (late 12th-15th centuries) to represent the ch sound, perhaps as g had other work to do.(Michael Rose, Alphabetical: How Every Letter Tells a Story. Counterpoint, 2015)Pronunciations of Yogh in Middle EnglishYogh (Ê’) was pronounced in several different ways, according to its position in the word. Initially, yogh was pronounced like y, as in Modern English yet. It had the same sound after the vowels e, i, or y, for example in the Middle English words yÊ’e (eye) and hiÊ’e (high), which unlike their Modern English counterparts were pronounce d with two syllables. Within words or at the ends of words, yogh or gh sometimes represented the sound of w, as in folÊ’ed (followed), or innoÊ’e (enough), which we know from its use in rhyme was pronounced enow rather than with an f sound as in Modern English enough. Before t and after e, i, or y, yogh or gh was pronounced like ch in German ich (for example, in the Middle English ryÊ’t, right); before t and after a and o it was pronounced like the ch in Scottish loch or German Bach (for example, in Middle English soÊ’te, sought). It had the same value word-finally in the word à ¾aÊ’, though. However, at the ends of words, it more often represented the unvoiced sound of s as in Modern English sillthough it may also at times have represented the ​voiced sound of z as in Modern English zeal (Vantuona 176).(David Gould,  Pearl of Great Price: A Literary Translation of the Middle English Pearl. University Press of America, 2012)   The gh Pronunciation of Yogh- [I]n Old English, ... one of the sound values of the letter yogh was /x/. ... Words like niÊ’t, hiÊ’, burÊ’, miÊ’t and thoÊ’ were respelled by French scribes with a gh, so we get night, high, burgh, might and though as common spellings for these words in early Middle English. To begin with, the gh continued to be pronounced. When we read in the opening lines of The Canterbury Tales about the little birds sleeping all through the nyght, we need to take that spelling at face value and read it as /nIxt/, with the ch sound of Scots loch or Welsh bach. But the /x/ disappeared from southern English during the 15th and 16th centuries. North of the border, and in some other provincial accents, it stayedhence modern Scots spellings such as moonlicht nicht.(David Crystal, Spell It Out. Picador, 2014)- [T]he breathy English g or y sound (once denoted by the English letter yogh) came to be spelled as GH. ... However, it was GHs bad luck to be left beh ind by subsequent, general changes in English pronunciation. Originally, in words like sight, although, cough, or enough, the Norman GH-spelling mirrored the medieval pronunciations. Yet these pronunciations later changed, variously, and today the whole family of English GH words is notoriously unphonetic in spellingto the frustration of purists. ...(David Sacks,  Letter Perfect: The A-to-Z History of Our Alphabet. Knopf, 2010)- The digraph gh causes difficulty. It is commonly a relic of a velar or palatal fricative that is preserved as a velar fricative /x/ in Scots, as in bricht night (bright night). (1) It is normally silent after u as in taught, drought, naughty, thought, though, through, thorough, bough, and after i as in straight, weight, height, high, light, night. (2) It is pronounced /f/ in a few words such as cough, enough, laugh, rough, tough. (3) In the following place-names in England, each gh is different: Slough (rhymes with how), Keighley (Keethley), Loughborough ( Luff-). (4)   In hiccough, the gh was substituted for p (hiccup) in the mistaken belief that the word derived from cough. (5) It has disappeared in AmE draft, plow (formerly also used in BrE) and in dry, fly, sly, although preserved in the related nouns drought, flight, sleight. (6) It sometimes alternates with ch in related words: straight/stretch, taught/teach.(Tom McArthur,  Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford University Press, 2005) From Yogh to Zee in Scottish EnglishThe yogh owes its origin to the Irish scribes who arrived in Saxon Britain in the 8th Century and began teaching the Anglo-Saxons to writebefore this, old English was written in runes ... .It fell out of favor with the Normans, whose scribes disliked non-Latin characters and replaced it with a y or g sound, and in the middle of words with gh. But the Scottish retained the yogh in personal and place names, albeit mutating into a z to please the typesetters of the day.Inevitably, however, the euphemistic z became a real z, in some quarters at least. The surname MacKenzie now almost universally takes the zee sound although it would have originally been pronounced MacKenyie.(Why is Menzies Pronounced Mingis? BBC News, January 10, 2006) Pronunciation: YOG or yoKH Also see: From A to Z: Quick Facts About the AlphabetKey Events in the History of the English LanguageSpelling